Gastrointestinal surgery involves surgery to any part of the gastrointestinal (digestive) tract, which include the organs from mouth to anus, along the alimentary canal and is undertaken by a Specialist Surgeon (General Surgeon). The digestive tract is the tube in which the movement of muscles and the release of hormones and enzymes carry out the digestion of food. The gastrointestinal tract starts with the mouth and proceeds to the oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, large intestine (colon), rectum and anus. GI endoscopy may be performed on either an outpatient or inpatient basis; the patient is usually given a sedative. Other GI endoscopy includes colonoscopy (examination of the colon or large bowel / large intestine), which starts at the end of the small intestine and ends at the rectum and anus. Enteroscopy allows examination of the small intestine. Surgery is aimed at treating a wide variety of diseases and disorders, some examples are acid reflux, gallbladder issues, hernias and cancers.